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2015 ; 108
(12
): 2912-24
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Spatial Control of Biochemical Modification Cascades and Pathways
#MMPMID26083931
Alam-Nazki A
; Krishnan J
Biophys J
2015[Jun]; 108
(12
): 2912-24
PMID26083931
show ga
Information transmission in cells occurs through complex networks of proteins and
genes and is relayed through cascades of biochemical modifications, which are
typically studied through ordinary differential equations. However, it is
becoming increasingly clear that spatial factors can strongly influence chemical
information transmission in cells. In this article, we systematically disentangle
the effects of space in signaling cascades. This is done by examining the effects
of localization/compartmentalization and diffusion of enzymes and substrates in
multiple variants of chemical modification cascades. This includes situations
where the modified form of species at one stage 1) acts as an enzyme for the next
stage; 2) acts as a substrate for the next stage; and 3) is involved in
phosphotransfer. Our analysis reveals the multiple effects of space in signal
transduction cascades. Although in some cases space plays a modulatory effect
(itself of interest), in other cases, spatial regulation and control can
profoundly affect the nature of information processing as a result of the subtle
interplay between the patterns of localization of species, diffusion, and the
nature of the modification cascades. Our results provide a platform for
disentangling the role of space and spatial control in multiple cellular contexts
and a basis for engineering spatial control in signaling cascades through
localization/compartmentalization.