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Sociotechnical attributes of safe and unsafe work systems
#MMPMID25909756
Kleiner BM
; Hettinger LJ
; DeJoy DM
; Huang YH
; Love PE
Ergonomics
2015[]; 58
(4
): 635-49
PMID25909756
show ga
Theoretical and practical approaches to safety based on sociotechnical systems
principles place heavy emphasis on the intersections between
social-organisational and technical-work process factors. Within this
perspective, work system design emphasises factors such as the joint optimisation
of social and technical processes, a focus on reliable human-system performance
and safety metrics as design and analysis criteria, the maintenance of a
realistic and consistent set of safety objectives and policies, and regular
access to the expertise and input of workers. We discuss three current approaches
to the analysis and design of complex sociotechnical systems: human-systems
integration, macroergonomics and safety climate. Each approach emphasises key
sociotechnical systems themes, and each prescribes a more holistic perspective on
work systems than do traditional theories and methods. We contrast these
perspectives with historical precedents such as system safety and traditional
human factors and ergonomics, and describe potential future directions for their
application in research and practice. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY: The identification of
factors that can reliably distinguish between safe and unsafe work systems is an
important concern for ergonomists and other safety professionals. This paper
presents a variety of sociotechnical systems perspectives on intersections
between social--organisational and technology--work process factors as they
impact work system analysis, design and operation.
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