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2017 ; 18
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English Wikipedia
Small RNA Pathways That Protect the Somatic Genome
#MMPMID28445427
Hyun S
Int J Mol Sci
2017[Apr]; 18
(5
): ä PMID28445427
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Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA elements that can change their position
within the genome, with the potential to create mutations and destabilize the
genome. As such, special molecular systems have been adopted in animals to
control TE activity in order to protect the genome. PIWI proteins, in
collaboration with PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), are well known to play a
critical role in silencing germline TEs. Although initially thought to be
germline-specific, the role of PIWI-piRNA pathways in controlling TEs in somatic
cells has recently begun to be explored in various organisms, together with the
role of endogenous small interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs). This review summarizes
recent results suggesting that these small RNA pathways have been critically
implicated in the silencing of somatic TEs underlying various physiological
traits, with a special focus on the Drosophila model organism.
|*Genome
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|DNA Transposable Elements/genetics
[MESH]
|Drosophila/genetics
[MESH]
|RNA Interference
[MESH]
|RNA, Small Interfering/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/metabolism
[MESH]