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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Genetics
2018 ; 208
(4
): 1279-1289
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Sleep-Active Neurons: Conserved Motors of Sleep
#MMPMID29618588
Bringmann H
Genetics
2018[Apr]; 208
(4
): 1279-1289
PMID29618588
show ga
Sleep is crucial for survival and well-being. This behavioral and physiological
state has been studied in all major genetically accessible model animals,
including rodents, fish, flies, and worms. Genetic and optogenetic studies have
identified several neurons that control sleep, making it now possible to compare
circuit mechanisms across species. The "motor" of sleep across animal species is
formed by neurons that depolarize at the onset of sleep to actively induce this
state by directly inhibiting wakefulness. These sleep-inducing neurons are
themselves controlled by inhibitory or activating upstream pathways, which act as
the "drivers" of the sleep motor: arousal inhibits "sleep-active" neurons whereas
various sleep-promoting "tiredness" pathways converge onto sleep-active neurons
to depolarize them. This review provides the first overview of sleep-active
neurons across the major model animals. The occurrence of sleep-active neurons
and their regulation by upstream pathways in both vertebrate and invertebrate
species suggests that these neurons are general and ancient components that
evolved early in the history of nervous systems.
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