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2016 ; 28
(ä): 46-54
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Sleep function: Toward elucidating an enigma
#MMPMID26447948
Krueger JM
; Frank MG
; Wisor JP
; Roy S
Sleep Med Rev
2016[Aug]; 28
(ä): 46-54
PMID26447948
show ga
Sleep function remains controversial. Individual perspectives frame the issue of
sleep function differently. We briefly illustrate how sleep measurement and the
evolution, tissue organization levels, molecular mechanisms, and regulation of
sleep could influence one's view of sleep function. Then we discuss six viable
theories of sleep function. Sleep serves host-defense mechanisms and conserves
caloric expenditures, but these functions likely are opportunistic functions
evolving later in evolution. That sleep replenishes brain energy stores and that
sleep serves a glymphatic function by removing toxic byproducts of waking
activity are attractive ideas, but lack extensive supporting experimental
evidence. That sleep restores performance is experimentally demonstrated and has
obvious evolutionary value. However, this hypothesis lacks experimentally
verified mechanisms although ideas relating to this issue are presented. Finally,
the ideas surrounding the broad hypothesis that sleep serves a
connectivity/plasticity function are many and attractive. There is experimental
evidence that connectivity changes with sleep, sleep loss, and with changing
afferent input, and that those changes are linked to sleep regulatory mechanisms.
In our view, this is the leading contender for the primordial function of sleep.
However, much refinement of ideas and innovative experimental approaches are
needed to clarify the sleep-connectivity relationship.
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