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2017 ; 8
(ä): 411
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Silicon and Plants: Current Knowledge and Technological Perspectives
#MMPMID28386269
Luyckx M
; Hausman JF
; Lutts S
; Guerriero G
Front Plant Sci
2017[]; 8
(ä): 411
PMID28386269
show ga
Elemental silicon (Si), after oxygen, is the second most abundant element in the
earth's crust, which is mainly composed of silicates. Si is not considered
essential for plant growth and development, however, increasing evidence in the
literature shows that this metalloid is beneficial to plants, especially under
stress conditions. Indeed Si alleviates the toxic effects caused by abiotic
stresses, e.g., salt stress, drought, heavy metals, to name a few. Biogenic
silica is also a deterrent against herbivores. Additionally, Si ameliorates the
vigor of plants and improves their resistance to exogenous stresses. The
protective role of Si was initially attributed to a physical barrier fortifying
the cell wall (e.g., against fungal hyphae penetration), however, several studies
have shown that the action of this element on plants is far more complex, as it
involves a cross-talk with the cell interior and an effect on plant metabolism.
In this study the beneficial role of Si on plants will be discussed, by reviewing
the available data in the literature. Emphasis will be given to the protective
role of Si during (a)biotic stresses and in this context both priming and the
effects of Si on endogenous phytohormones will be discussed. A whole section will
be devoted to the use of silica (SiO(2)) nanoparticles, in the light of the
interest that nanotechnology has for agriculture. The paper also discusses the
potential technological aspects linked to the use of Si in agriculture and to
modify/improve the physical parameters of plant fibers. The study indeed provides
perspectives on the use of Si to increase the yield of fiber crops and to improve
the thermal stability and tensile strength of natural fibers.