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2014 ; 30
(ä): 36-44
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Sertoli cells--immunological sentinels of spermatogenesis
#MMPMID24603046
Kaur G
; Thompson LA
; Dufour JM
Semin Cell Dev Biol
2014[Jun]; 30
(ä): 36-44
PMID24603046
show ga
Testicular germ cells, which appear after the establishment of central tolerance,
express novel cell surface and intracellular proteins that can be recognized as
'foreign antigens' by the host's immune system. However, normally these germ
cells do not evoke an auto-reactive immune response. The focus of this manuscript
is to review the evidence that the blood-testis-barrier (BTB)/Sertoli cell (SC)
barrier along with the SCs ability to modulate the immune response is vital for
protecting auto-antigenic germ cells. In normal testis, the BTB/SC barrier
protects the majority of the auto-antigenic germ cells by limiting access by the
immune system and sequestering these 'new antigens'. SCs also modulate testis
immune cells (induce regulatory immune cells) by expressing several
immunoregulatory factors, thereby creating a local tolerogenic environment
optimal for survival of nonsequesetred auto-antigenic germ cells. Collectively,
the fortress created by the BTB/SC barrier along with modulation of the immune
response is pivotal for completion of spermatogenesis and species survival.