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2015 ; 18
(8
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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Serotonergic psychedelics temporarily modify information transfer in humans
#MMPMID25820842
Alonso JF
; Romero S
; Maņanas MĀ
; Riba J
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol
2015[Mar]; 18
(8
): ä PMID25820842
show ga
BACKGROUND: Psychedelics induce intense modifications in the sensorium, the sense
of "self," and the experience of reality. Despite advances in our understanding
of the molecular and cellular level mechanisms of these drugs, knowledge of their
actions on global brain dynamics is still incomplete. Recent imaging studies have
found changes in functional coupling between frontal and parietal brain
structures, suggesting a modification in information flow between brain regions
during acute effects. METHODS: Here we assessed the psychedelic-induced changes
in directionality of information flow during the acute effects of a psychedelic
in humans. We measured modifications in connectivity of brain oscillations using
transfer entropy, a nonlinear measure of directed functional connectivity based
on information theory. Ten healthy male volunteers with prior experience with
psychedelics participated in 2 experimental sessions. They received a placebo or
a dose of ayahuasca, a psychedelic preparation containing the serotonergic 5-HT2A
agonist N,N-dimethyltryptamine. RESULTS: The analysis showed significant changes
in the coupling of brain oscillations between anterior and posterior recording
sites. Transfer entropy analysis showed that frontal sources decreased their
influence over central, parietal, and occipital sites. Conversely, sources in
posterior locations increased their influence over signals measured at anterior
locations. Exploratory correlations found that anterior-to-posterior transfer
entropy decreases were correlated with the intensity of subjective effects, while
the imbalance between anterior-to-posterior and posterior-to-anterior transfer
entropy correlated with the degree of incapacitation experienced. CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that psychedelics induce a temporary disruption of neural
hierarchies by reducing top-down control and increasing bottom-up information
transfer in the human brain.