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2016 ; 602
(ä): 32-47
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Serial femtosecond crystallography: A revolution in structural biology
#MMPMID27143509
Martin-Garcia JM
; Conrad CE
; Coe J
; Roy-Chowdhury S
; Fromme P
Arch Biochem Biophys
2016[Jul]; 602
(ä): 32-47
PMID27143509
show ga
Macromolecular crystallography at synchrotron sources has proven to be the most
influential method within structural biology, producing thousands of structures
since its inception. While its utility has been instrumental in progressing our
knowledge of structures of molecules, it suffers from limitations such as the
need for large, well-diffracting crystals, and radiation damage that can hamper
native structural determination. The recent advent of X-ray free electron lasers
(XFELs) and their implementation in the emerging field of serial femtosecond
crystallography (SFX) has given rise to a remarkable expansion upon existing
crystallographic constraints, allowing structural biologists access to previously
restricted scientific territory. SFX relies on exceptionally brilliant,
micro-focused X-ray pulses, which are femtoseconds in duration, to probe
nano/micrometer sized crystals in a serial fashion. This results in data sets
comprised of individual snapshots, each capturing Bragg diffraction of single
crystals in random orientations prior to their subsequent destruction. Thus
structural elucidation while avoiding radiation damage, even at room temperature,
can now be achieved. This emerging field has cultivated new methods for
nanocrystallogenesis, sample delivery, and data processing. Opportunities and
challenges within SFX are reviewed herein.