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Sepsis and ARDS: The Dark Side of Histones
#MMPMID26609197
Xu Z
; Huang Y
; Mao P
; Zhang J
; Li Y
Mediators Inflamm
2015[]; 2015
(?): 205054
PMID26609197
show ga
Despite advances in management over the last several decades, sepsis and acute
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) still remain major clinical challenges and
the leading causes of death for patients in intensive care units (ICUs) due to
insufficient understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of these
diseases. However, recent studies have shown that histones, also known as
chromatin-basic structure proteins, could be released into the extracellular
space during severe stress and physical challenges to the body (e.g., sepsis and
ARDS). Due to their cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects, extracellular histones
can lead to excessive and overwhelming cell damage and death, thus contributing
to the pathogenesis of both sepsis and ARDS. In addition, antihistone-based
treatments (e.g., neutralizing antibodies, activated protein C, and heparin) have
shown protective effects and have significantly improved the outcomes of mice
suffering from sepsis and ARDS. Here, we review researches related to the
pathological role of histone in context of sepsis and ARDS and evaluate the
potential value of histones as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of these
diseases.
|Carrier Proteins/physiology
[MESH]
|Extracellular Traps
[MESH]
|Histones/*physiology
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Inflammation/etiology
[MESH]
|NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
[MESH]
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