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10.1038/srep22159 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/srep22159 C4770591!4770591 !26922901     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\26922901 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Sci+Rep 2016 ; 6 (ä): 22159 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=26922901 |t=2016. Selection and Use of Manganese Dioxide by Neanderthals |pdf=|usr=}}{{26922901 }} gab.com Text Selection and Use of Manganese Dioxide by Neanderthals JO: Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26922901 #FOAvip Several Mousterian sites in France have yielded large numbers of small black blocs. The usual interpretation is that these 'manganese oxides' were collected for their colouring properties and used in body decoration, potentially for symbolic expression. Neanderthals habitually used fire and if they needed black material for decoration, soot and charcoal were readily available, whereas obtaining manganese oxides would have incurred considerably higher costs. Compositional analyses lead us to infer that late Neanderthals at Pech-de-l'Azé I were deliberately selecting manganese dioxide. Combustion experiments and thermo-gravimetric measurements demonstrate that manganese dioxide reduces wood's auto-ignition temperature and substantially increases the rate of char combustion, leading us to conclude that the most beneficial use for manganese dioxide was in fire-making. With archaeological evidence for fire places and the conversion of the manganese dioxide to powder, we argue that Neanderthals at Pech-de-l'Azé I used manganese dioxide in fire-making and produced fire on demand. Twit Text FOAVip Selection and Use of Manganese Dioxide by Neanderthals ????Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26922901 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=26922901 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|26922901 }}</ref> Selection and Use of Manganese Dioxide by Neanderthals #MMPMID26922901 Heyes PJ ; Anastasakis K ; de Jong W ; van Hoesel A ; Roebroeks W ; Soressi M Sci Rep 2016[Feb]; 6 (ä): 22159 PMID26922901 show ga Several Mousterian sites in France have yielded large numbers of small black blocs. The usual interpretation is that these 'manganese oxides' were collected for their colouring properties and used in body decoration, potentially for symbolic expression. Neanderthals habitually used fire and if they needed black material for decoration, soot and charcoal were readily available, whereas obtaining manganese oxides would have incurred considerably higher costs. Compositional analyses lead us to infer that late Neanderthals at Pech-de-l'Azé I were deliberately selecting manganese dioxide. Combustion experiments and thermo-gravimetric measurements demonstrate that manganese dioxide reduces wood's auto-ignition temperature and substantially increases the rate of char combustion, leading us to conclude that the most beneficial use for manganese dioxide was in fire-making. With archaeological evidence for fire places and the conversion of the manganese dioxide to powder, we argue that Neanderthals at Pech-de-l'Azé I used manganese dioxide in fire-making and produced fire on demand. äSelection and Use of Manganese Dioxide by Neanderthals (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing