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2015 ; 31
(ä): 779-805
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Sculpting neural circuits by axon and dendrite pruning
#MMPMID26436703
Riccomagno MM
; Kolodkin AL
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol
2015[]; 31
(ä): 779-805
PMID26436703
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The assembly of functional neural circuits requires the combined action of
progressive and regressive events. Regressive events encompass a variety of
inhibitory developmental processes, including axon and dendrite pruning, which
facilitate the removal of exuberant neuronal connections. Most axon pruning
involves the removal of axons that had already made synaptic connections; thus,
axon pruning is tightly associated with synapse elimination. In many instances,
these developmental processes are regulated by the interplay between neurons and
glial cells that act instructively during neural remodeling. Owing to the
importance of axon and dendritic pruning, these remodeling events require precise
spatial and temporal control, and this is achieved by a range of distinct
molecular mechanisms. Disruption of these mechanisms results in abnormal pruning,
which has been linked to brain dysfunction. Therefore, understanding the
mechanisms of axon and dendritic pruning will be instrumental in advancing our
knowledge of neural disease and mental disorders.
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