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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Retrovirology
2015 ; 12
(ä): 46
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SAMHD1 specifically restricts retroviruses through its RNase activity
#MMPMID26032178
Choi J
; Ryoo J
; Oh C
; Hwang S
; Ahn K
Retrovirology
2015[Jun]; 12
(ä): 46
PMID26032178
show ga
BACKGROUND: Human SAMHD1 possesses dual enzymatic functions. It acts as both a
dGTP-dependent triphosphohydrolase and as an exoribonuclease. The dNTPase
function depletes the cellular dNTP pool, which is required for retroviral
reverse transcription in differentiated myeloid cells and resting CD4(+) T cells;
thus this activity mainly plays a role in SAMHD1-mediated retroviral restriction.
However, a recent study demonstrated that SAMHD1 directly targets HIV-1 genomic
RNA via its RNase activity, and that this function (rather than dNTPase activity)
is sufficient for HIV-1 restriction. While HIV-1 genomic RNA is a potent target
for SAMHD1 during viral infection, the specificity of SAMHD1-mediated RNase
activity during infection by other viruses is unclear. RESULTS: The results of
the present study showed that SAMHD1 specifically degrades retroviral genomic RNA
in monocyte-derived macrophage-like cells and in primary monocyte-derived
macrophages. Consistent with this, SAMHD1 selectively restricted retroviral
replication, but did not affect the replication of other common non-retro RNA
genome viruses, suggesting that the RNase-mediated antiviral function of SAMHD1
is limited to retroviruses. In addition, neither inhibiting reverse transcription
by treatment with several reverse transcriptase inhibitors nor infection with
reverse transcriptase-defective HIV-1 altered RNA levels after viral challenge,
indicating that the retrovirus-specific RNase function is not dependent on
processes associated with retroviral reverse transcription. CONCLUSIONS: The
results presented herein suggest that the RNase activity of SAMHD1 is sufficient
to control the replication of retroviruses, but not that of non-retro RNA
viruses.