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2017 ; 93
(1
): 28-49
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Rupture, waves and earthquakes
#MMPMID28077808
Uenishi K
Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci
2017[]; 93
(1
): 28-49
PMID28077808
show ga
Normally, an earthquake is considered as a phenomenon of wave energy radiation by
rupture (fracture) of solid Earth. However, the physics of dynamic process around
seismic sources, which may play a crucial role in the occurrence of earthquakes
and generation of strong waves, has not been fully understood yet. Instead, much
of former investigation in seismology evaluated earthquake characteristics in
terms of kinematics that does not directly treat such dynamic aspects and usually
excludes the influence of high-frequency wave components over 1 Hz. There are
countless valuable research outcomes obtained through this kinematics-based
approach, but "extraordinary" phenomena that are difficult to be explained by
this conventional description have been found, for instance, on the occasion of
the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu, Japan, earthquake, and more detailed study on rupture
and wave dynamics, namely, possible mechanical characteristics of (1) rupture
development around seismic sources, (2) earthquake-induced structural failures
and (3) wave interaction that connects rupture (1) and failures (2), would be
indispensable.
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