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2017 ; 3
(ä): 17083
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English Wikipedia
Rotavirus infection
#MMPMID29119972
Crawford SE
; Ramani S
; Tate JE
; Parashar UD
; Svensson L
; Hagbom M
; Franco MA
; Greenberg HB
; O'Ryan M
; Kang G
; Desselberger U
; Estes MK
Nat Rev Dis Primers
2017[Nov]; 3
(ä): 17083
PMID29119972
show ga
Rotavirus infections are a leading cause of severe, dehydrating gastroenteritis
in children <5 years of age. Despite the global introduction of vaccinations for
rotavirus over a decade ago, rotavirus infections still result in >200,000 deaths
annually, mostly in low-income countries. Rotavirus primarily infects enterocytes
and induces diarrhoea through the destruction of absorptive enterocytes (leading
to malabsorption), intestinal secretion stimulated by rotavirus non-structural
protein 4 and activation of the enteric nervous system. In addition, rotavirus
infections can lead to antigenaemia (which is associated with more severe
manifestations of acute gastroenteritis) and viraemia, and rotavirus can
replicate in systemic sites, although this is limited. Reinfections with
rotavirus are common throughout life, although the disease severity is reduced
with repeat infections. The immune correlates of protection against rotavirus
reinfection and recovery from infection are poorly understood, although
rotavirus-specific immunoglobulin A has a role in both aspects. The management of
rotavirus infection focuses on the prevention and treatment of dehydration,
although the use of antiviral and anti-emetic drugs can be indicated in some
cases.