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2018 ; 6
(1
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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Role of Polyamines in Asthma Pathophysiology
#MMPMID29316647
Jain V
Med Sci (Basel)
2018[Jan]; 6
(1
): ä PMID29316647
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Asthma is a complex disease of airways, where the interactions of immune and
structural cells result in disease outcomes with airway remodeling and airway
hyper-responsiveness. Polyamines, which are small-sized, natural super-cations,
interact with negatively charged intracellular macromolecules, and altered levels
of polyamines and their interactions have been associated with different
pathological conditions including asthma. Elevated levels of polyamines have been
reported in the circulation of asthmatic patients as well as in the lungs of a
murine model of asthma. In various studies, polyamines were found to potentiate
the pathogenic potential of inflammatory cells, such as mast cells and
granulocytes (eosinophils and neutrophils), by either inducing the release of
their pro-inflammatory mediators or prolonging their life span. Additionally,
polyamines were crucial in the differentiation and alternative activation of
macrophages, which play an important role in asthma pathology. Importantly,
polyamines cause airway smooth muscle contraction and thus airway
hyper-responsiveness, which is the key feature in asthma pathophysiology. High
levels of polyamines in asthma and their active cellular and macromolecular
interactions indicate the importance of the polyamine pathway in asthma
pathogenesis; therefore, modulation of polyamine levels could be a suitable
approach in acute and severe asthma management. This review summarizes the
possible roles of polyamines in different pathophysiological features of asthma.
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