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2018 ; 8
(2
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
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English Wikipedia
Rett syndrome: a neurological disorder with metabolic components
#MMPMID29445033
Kyle SM
; Vashi N
; Justice MJ
Open Biol
2018[Feb]; 8
(2
): ä PMID29445033
show ga
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurological disorder caused by mutations in the
X-linked gene methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2), a ubiquitously expressed
transcriptional regulator. Despite remarkable scientific progress since its
discovery, the mechanism by which MECP2 mutations cause RTT symptoms is largely
unknown. Consequently, treatment options for patients are currently limited and
centred on symptom relief. Thought to be an entirely neurological disorder, RTT
research has focused on the role of MECP2 in the central nervous system. However,
the variety of phenotypes identified in Mecp2 mutant mouse models and RTT
patients implicate important roles for MeCP2 in peripheral systems. Here, we
review the history of RTT, highlighting breakthroughs in the field that have led
us to present day. We explore the current evidence supporting metabolic
dysfunction as a component of RTT, presenting recent studies that have revealed
perturbed lipid metabolism in the brain and peripheral tissues of mouse models
and patients. Such findings may have an impact on the quality of life of RTT
patients as both dietary and drug intervention can alter lipid metabolism.
Ultimately, we conclude that a thorough knowledge of MeCP2's varied functional
targets in the brain and body will be required to treat this complex syndrome.