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10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.01.003 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.01.003 C5441959!5441959 !28109737     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\28109737 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Prog+Retin+Eye+Res 2017 ; 58 (ä): 115-151 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=28109737 |t=2017. Retinal oxygen: from animals to humans |pdf=|usr=}}{{28109737 }} gab.com Text Retinal oxygen: from animals to humans JO: Prog Retin Eye Res http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28109737 #FOAvip This article discusses retinal oxygenation and retinal metabolism by focusing on measurements made with two of the principal methods used to study O(2) in the retina: measurements of PO(2) with oxygen-sensitive microelectrodes in vivo in animals with a retinal circulation similar to that of humans, and oximetry, which can be used non-invasively in both animals and humans to measure O(2) concentration in retinal vessels. Microelectrodes uniquely have high spatial resolution, allowing the mapping of PO(2) in detail, and when combined with mathematical models of diffusion and consumption, they provide information about retinal metabolism. Mathematical models, grounded in experiments, can also be used to simulate situations that are not amenable to experimental study. New methods of oximetry, particularly photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy and visible light optical coherence tomography, provide depth-resolved methods that can separate signals from blood vessels and surrounding tissues, and can be combined with blood flow measures to determine metabolic rate. We discuss the effects on retinal oxygenation of illumination, hypoxia and hyperoxia, and describe retinal oxygenation in diabetes, retinal detachment, arterial occlusion, and macular degeneration. We explain how the metabolic measurements obtained from microelectrodes and imaging are different, and how they need to be brought together in the future. Finally, we argue for revisiting the clinical use of hyperoxia in ophthalmology, particularly in retinal arterial occlusions and retinal detachment, based on animal research and diffusion theory. Twit Text FOAVip Retinal oxygen: from animals to humans ????Prog Retin Eye Res http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28109737 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=28109737 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|28109737 }}</ref> Retinal oxygen: from animals to humans #MMPMID28109737 Linsenmeier RA ; Zhang HF Prog Retin Eye Res 2017[May]; 58 (ä): 115-151 PMID28109737 show ga This article discusses retinal oxygenation and retinal metabolism by focusing on measurements made with two of the principal methods used to study O(2) in the retina: measurements of PO(2) with oxygen-sensitive microelectrodes in vivo in animals with a retinal circulation similar to that of humans, and oximetry, which can be used non-invasively in both animals and humans to measure O(2) concentration in retinal vessels. Microelectrodes uniquely have high spatial resolution, allowing the mapping of PO(2) in detail, and when combined with mathematical models of diffusion and consumption, they provide information about retinal metabolism. Mathematical models, grounded in experiments, can also be used to simulate situations that are not amenable to experimental study. New methods of oximetry, particularly photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy and visible light optical coherence tomography, provide depth-resolved methods that can separate signals from blood vessels and surrounding tissues, and can be combined with blood flow measures to determine metabolic rate. We discuss the effects on retinal oxygenation of illumination, hypoxia and hyperoxia, and describe retinal oxygenation in diabetes, retinal detachment, arterial occlusion, and macular degeneration. We explain how the metabolic measurements obtained from microelectrodes and imaging are different, and how they need to be brought together in the future. Finally, we argue for revisiting the clinical use of hyperoxia in ophthalmology, particularly in retinal arterial occlusions and retinal detachment, based on animal research and diffusion theory. |*Dark Adaptation [MESH] |*Retinal Diseases/diagnosis/metabolism/physiopathology [MESH] |Animals [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Oxygen/*metabolism [MESH] |Regional Blood Flow [MESH]Retinal oxygen: from animals to humans (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing