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2014 ; 25
(6
): 1226-35
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Renalase prevents AKI independent of amine oxidase activity
#MMPMID24511138
Wang L
; Velazquez H
; Moeckel G
; Chang J
; Ham A
; Lee HT
; Safirstein R
; Desir GV
J Am Soc Nephrol
2014[Jun]; 25
(6
): 1226-35
PMID24511138
show ga
AKI is characterized by increased catecholamine levels and hypertension.
Renalase, a secretory flavoprotein that oxidizes catecholamines, attenuates
ischemic injury and the associated increase in catecholamine levels in mice.
However, whether the amine oxidase activity of renalase is involved in preventing
ischemic injury is debated. In this study, recombinant renalase protected human
proximal tubular (HK-2) cells against cisplatin- and hydrogen peroxide-induced
necrosis. Similarly, genetic depletion of renalase in mice (renalase knockout)
exacerbated kidney injury in animals subjected to cisplatin-induced AKI.
Interestingly, compared with the intact renalase protein, a 20-amino acid peptide
(RP-220), which is conserved in all known renalase isoforms, but lacks detectable
oxidase activity, was equally effective at protecting HK-2 cells against toxic
injury and preventing ischemic injury in wild-type mice. Furthermore, in vitro
treatment with RP-220 or recombinant renalase rapidly activated Akt,
extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases
and downregulated c-Jun N-terminal kinase. In summary, renalase promotes cell
survival and protects against renal injury in mice through the activation of
intracellular signaling cascades, independent of its ability to metabolize
catecholamines, and we have identified the region of renalase required for these
effects. Renalase and related peptides show potential as therapeutic agents for
the prevention and treatment of AKI.