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2008 ; 34
(4
): 195-208
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Regulation of pulmonary vasoconstriction by agonists and caveolae
#MMPMID18432456
Schach C
; Firth AL
; Xu M
; Remillard CV
; Patel HH
; Insel PA
; Yuan JX
Exp Lung Res
2008[May]; 34
(4
): 195-208
PMID18432456
show ga
Sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction contributes to the elevated pulmonary
vascular resistance observed in pulmonary arterial hypertension. A rise in
cytosolic Ca(2 +) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is major
trigger for pulmonary vasoconstriction. One family of drugs currently being
pursued as a potential treatment for pulmonary hypertension are the statins,
which act by depleting cholesterol and reducing the number of caveolae. This
study aimed at investigating the role of caveolae, membrane receptors, and ion
channels (that are potentially located in the caveolae) in agonist-mediated
pulmonary vasoconstriction in order to gain a greater understanding of the
signaling mechanisms involved in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone.
Chronic treatment of PASMCs with the cholesterol-depleting agent, methyl-beta
-cyclodextrin (Mbeta CD), significantly reduced the number of cholesterol rich
caveolae regions in the membrane. This disruption of cholesterol in caveolae
significantly inhibited pharmacomechanical (induced by phenylephrine), but not
electromechanical (induced by elevated extracellular potassium concentration),
rat pulmonary artery contraction. These results indicate that receptors may
functionally colocalize in caveolae in PASMCs and coordinate to regulate
pulmonary vascular tone.