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2015 ; 2
(1
): e1025180
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Regulation of hippocampal memory traces by neurogenesis
#MMPMID27604158
Anacker C
; Denny CA
; Hen R
Neurogenesis (Austin)
2015[]; 2
(1
): e1025180
PMID27604158
show ga
The hippocampus has long been known as a brain structure fundamental for memory
formation and retrieval. Recent technological advances of cellular tracing
techniques and optogenetic manipulation strategies have allowed to unravel
important aspects of the cellular origin of memory, and have started to shed new
light on the neuronal networks involved in encoding, consolidation and retrieval
of memory in the hippocampus. In particular, memory traces, or engrams, that are
formed during encoding in the dentate gyrus and CA3 region are crucial for memory
retrieval and amenable to modulation by neuroplastic mechanisms, including adult
hippocampal neurogenesis. Here, we will discuss how memory traces are being
encoded at the cellular level, how they may contribute to pattern separation and
pattern completion in the hippocampus, and how they can be associated with
different experiences to express memories of opposite valence. We propose a
mechanism by which adult hippocampal neurogenesis may contribute to the formation
of engrams, which may be relevant not only for the encoding of contextual
information, but also for mood abnormalities, such as anxiety and depression.