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Regulation of hematogenous tumor metastasis by acid sphingomyelinase
#MMPMID25851537
Carpinteiro A
; Becker KA
; Japtok L
; Hessler G
; Keitsch S
; Po?gajovŕ M
; Schmid KW
; Adams C
; Müller S
; Kleuser B
; Edwards MJ
; Grassmé H
; Helfrich I
; Gulbins E
EMBO Mol Med
2015[Jun]; 7
(6
): 714-34
PMID25851537
show ga
Metastatic dissemination of cancer cells is the ultimate hallmark of malignancy
and accounts for approximately 90% of human cancer deaths. We investigated the
role of acid sphingomyelinase (Asm) in the hematogenous metastasis of melanoma
cells. Intravenous injection of B16F10 melanoma cells into wild-type mice
resulted in multiple lung metastases, while Asm-deficient mice (Smpd1(-/-) mice)
were protected from pulmonary tumor spread. Transplanting wild-type platelets
into Asm-deficient mice reinstated tumor metastasis. Likewise, Asm-deficient mice
were protected from hematogenous MT/ret melanoma metastasis to the spleen in a
mouse model of spontaneous tumor metastasis. Human and mouse melanoma cells
triggered activation and release of platelet secretory Asm, in turn leading to
ceramide formation, clustering, and activation of ?5?1 integrins on melanoma
cells finally leading to adhesion of the tumor cells. Clustering of integrins by
applying purified Asm or C16 ceramide to B16F10 melanoma cells before intravenous
injection restored trapping of tumor cells in the lung in Asm-deficient mice.
This effect was revertable by arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptides, which are
known inhibitors of integrins, and by antibodies neutralizing ?1 integrins. These
findings indicate that melanoma cells employ platelet-derived Asm for adhesion
and metastasis.
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