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2015 ; 1
(11
): e1500737
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Regulation of gene transcription by Polycomb proteins
#MMPMID26665172
Aranda S
; Mas G
; Di Croce L
Sci Adv
2015[Dec]; 1
(11
): e1500737
PMID26665172
show ga
The Polycomb group (PcG) of proteins defines a subset of factors that physically
associate and function to maintain the positional identity of cells from the
embryo to adult stages. PcG has long been considered a paradigmatic model for
epigenetic maintenance of gene transcription programs. Despite intensive research
efforts to unveil the molecular mechanisms of action of PcG proteins, several
fundamental questions remain unresolved: How many different PcG complexes exist
in mammalian cells? How are PcG complexes targeted to specific loci? How does PcG
regulate transcription? In this review, we discuss the diversity of PcG complexes
in mammalian cells, examine newly identified modes of recruitment to chromatin,
and highlight the latest insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the
function of PcGs in transcription regulation and three-dimensional chromatin
conformation.