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2014 ; 26
(3
): 253-66
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Regulation of NF-?B by TNF family cytokines
#MMPMID24958609
Hayden MS
; Ghosh S
Semin Immunol
2014[Jun]; 26
(3
): 253-66
PMID24958609
show ga
The NF-?B family of inducible transcription factors is activated in response to a
variety of stimuli. Amongst the best-characterized inducers of NF-?B are members
of the TNF family of cytokines. Research on NF-?B and TNF have been tightly
intertwined for more than 25 years. Perhaps the most compelling examples of the
interconnectedness of NF-?B and the TNF have come from analysis of knock-out mice
that are unable to activate NF-?B. Such mice die embryonically, however, deletion
of TNF or TNFR1 can rescue the lethality thereby illustrating the important role
of NF-?B as the key regulator of transcriptional responses to TNF. The
physiological connections between NF-?B and TNF cytokines are numerous and best
explored in articles focusing on a single TNF family member. Instead, in this
review, we explore general mechanisms of TNF cytokine signaling, with a focus on
the upstream signaling events leading to activation of the so-called canonical
and noncanonical NF-?B pathways by TNFR1 and CD40, respectively.
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