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2015 ; 10
(12
): e0144942
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Regulation of Macropinocytosis by Diacylglycerol Kinase ?
#MMPMID26701304
Ard R
; Mulatz K
; Pomoransky JL
; Parks RJ
; Trinkle-Mulcahy L
; Bell JC
; Gee SH
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(12
): e0144942
PMID26701304
show ga
Macropinosomes arise from the closure of plasma membrane ruffles to bring about
the non-selective uptake of nutrients and solutes into cells. The morphological
changes underlying ruffle formation and macropinosome biogenesis are driven by
actin cytoskeleton rearrangements under the control of the Rho GTPase Rac1. We
showed previously that Rac1 is activated by diacylglycerol kinase ? (DGK?), which
phosphorylates diacylglycerol to yield phosphatidic acid. Here, we show DGK? is
required for optimal macropinocytosis induced by growth factor stimulation of
mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Time-lapse imaging of live cells and quantitative
analysis revealed DGK? was associated with membrane ruffles and nascent
macropinosomes. Macropinocytosis was attenuated in DGK?-null cells, as determined
by live imaging and vaccinia virus uptake experiments. Moreover, macropinosomes
that did form in DGK?-null cells were smaller than those found in wild type
cells. Rescue of this defect required DGK? catalytic activity, consistent with it
also being required for Rac1 activation. A constitutively membrane bound DGK?
mutant substantially increased the size of macropinosomes and potentiated the
effect of a constitutively active Rac1 mutant on macropinocytosis. Collectively,
our results suggest DGK? functions in concert with Rac1 to regulate
macropinocytosis.