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2015 ; 112
(9
): 2758-63
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Regulation and aggregation of intrinsically disordered peptides
#MMPMID25691742
Levine ZA
; Larini L
; LaPointe NE
; Feinstein SC
; Shea JE
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2015[Mar]; 112
(9
): 2758-63
PMID25691742
show ga
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are a unique class of proteins that have
no stable native structure, a feature that allows them to adopt a wide variety of
extended and compact conformations that facilitate a large number of vital
physiological functions. One of the most well-known IDPs is the
microtubule-associated tau protein, which regulates microtubule growth in the
nervous system. However, dysfunctions in tau can lead to tau oligomerization,
fibril formation, and neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer's disease.
Using a combination of simulations and experiments, we explore the role of
osmolytes in regulating the conformation and aggregation propensities of the
R2/wt peptide, a fragment of tau containing the aggregating paired helical
filament (PHF6*). We show that the osmolytes urea and trimethylamine N-oxide
(TMAO) shift the population of IDP monomer structures, but that no new
conformational ensembles emerge. Although urea halts aggregation, TMAO promotes
the formation of compact oligomers (including helical oligomers) through a newly
proposed mechanism of redistribution of water around the perimeter of the
peptide. We put forth a "superposition of ensembles" hypothesis to rationalize
the mechanism by which IDP structure and aggregation is regulated in the cell.