Regenerative Medicine for Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases
#MMPMID26608580
Larsson L
; Decker AM
; Nibali L
; Pilipchuk SP
; Berglundh T
; Giannobile WV
J Dent Res
2016[Mar]; 95
(3
): 255-66
PMID26608580
show ga
The balance between bone resorption and bone formation is vital for maintenance
and regeneration of alveolar bone and supporting structures around teeth and
dental implants. Tissue regeneration in the oral cavity is regulated by multiple
cell types, signaling mechanisms, and matrix interactions. A goal for periodontal
tissue engineering/regenerative medicine is to restore oral soft and hard tissues
through cell, scaffold, and/or signaling approaches to functional and aesthetic
oral tissues. Bony defects in the oral cavity can vary significantly, ranging
from smaller intrabony lesions resulting from periodontal or peri-implant
diseases to large osseous defects that extend through the jaws as a result of
trauma, tumor resection, or congenital defects. The disparity in size and
location of these alveolar defects is compounded further by patient-specific and
environmental factors that contribute to the challenges in periodontal
regeneration, peri-implant tissue regeneration, and alveolar ridge
reconstruction. Efforts have been made over the last few decades to produce
reliable and predictable methods to stimulate bone regeneration in alveolar bone
defects. Tissue engineering/regenerative medicine provide new avenues to enhance
tissue regeneration by introducing bioactive models or constructing
patient-specific substitutes. This review presents an overview of therapies
(e.g., protein, gene, and cell based) and biomaterials (e.g., resorbable,
nonresorbable, and 3-dimensionally printed) used for alveolar bone engineering
around teeth and implants and for implant site development, with emphasis on most
recent findings and future directions.
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