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2013 ; 18
(17
): 2342-51
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Redox reactions of myoglobin
#MMPMID22900975
Richards MP
Antioxid Redox Signal
2013[Jun]; 18
(17
): 2342-51
PMID22900975
show ga
SIGNIFICANCE: Failure to maintain myoglobin (Mb) in the reduced state causes the
formation of metMb, ferryl Mb species, and cross-linked Mb. Dissociation of
ferriprotoporphyrin IX from the globin and release of iron atoms can also occur
as oxidized Mb accumulates. These modifications may contribute to various
oxidative pathologies in muscle and muscle foods. RECENT ADVANCES: The mechanism
of ferryl Mb-mediated oxidative damage to nearby structures has been partially
elucidated. Dissociation of ferriprotoporphyrin IX from metMb occurs more readily
at acidic pH values. The dissociated ferriprotoporphyrin IX (also called hemin)
readily decomposes preformed lipid hydroperoxides to reactive oxygen species.
Heme oxygenase as well as lipophilic free radicals can degrade the protoporphyrin
IX moiety, which results in the formation of free iron. CRITICAL ISSUES: The
multiple pathways by which Mb can incur toxicity create difficulties in
determining the major cause of oxidative damage in a particular system. Peroxides
and low pH activate each of the oxidative Mb forms, ferriprotoporphyrin IX, and
released iron. Determining the relative concentration of these species is
technically difficult, but essential to a complete understanding of oxidative
pathology in muscle tissue. FUTURE DIRECTIONS: Improved methods to assess the
different pathways of Mb toxicity are needed. Although significant advances have
been made in the understanding of Mb interactions with other biomolecules,
further investigation is needed to understand the physical and chemical nature of
these interactions.