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2012 ; 32
(1
): 75-84
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Recognition and diagnosis of neuro-ichthyotic syndromes
#MMPMID22422210
Rizzo WB
; Jenkens SM
; Boucher P
Semin Neurol
2012[Feb]; 32
(1
): 75-84
PMID22422210
show ga
The combination of neurologic disease and ichthyosis defines a heterogeneous
group of rare inherited disorders that present in infancy through early
adulthood. Although affected patients share the cutaneous feature of ichthyosis,
there is variability in the nature and severity of neurologic disease. Impaired
cognition, spasticity, sensorineural deafness, visual impairment, and/or seizures
are the primary neurologic findings. Most of these disorders are caused by
genetic defects in lipid metabolism, glycoprotein synthesis, or intracellular
vesicle trafficking. The clinical features of some of the neuro-ichthyoses are
distinct enough to allow their clinical recognition, but confirmatory biochemical
or genetic tests are necessary for accurate diagnosis. Treatment of the
ichthyosis is largely symptomatic, and except for Refsum's disease, there are no
effective pathogenesis-based therapies for the neurologic disease.