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2015 ; 12
(2
): 151-6
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Rare causes of osteoporosis
#MMPMID26604941
Marcucci G
; Brandi ML
Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab
2015[May]; 12
(2
): 151-6
PMID26604941
show ga
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by loss of bone mass and
strength, resulting in increased risk of fractures. It is classically divided
into primary (post-menopausal or senile), secondary and idiopathic forms. There
are many rare diseases, that cause directly or indirectly osteoporosis. The
identification and classification of most of these rare causes of osteoporosis is
crucial for the specialists in endocrinology and not, in order to prevent this
bone complication and to provide for an early therapy. Several pathogenic
mechanisms are involved, including various aspects of bone metabolism such as:
decreased bone formation, increased bone resorption, altered calcium, phosphorus
and/or vitamin D homeostasis, and abnormal collagen synthesis. In this review,
less common forms of primary and secondary osteoporosis are described,
specifying, if applicable: genetic causes, epidemiology, clinical features, and
pathogenic mechanisms causing osteoporosis. A greater awareness of all rare
causes of osteoporosis could reduce the number of cases classified as idiopathic
osteoporosis and allow the introduction of appropriate and timely treatments.