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2016 ; 7
(15
): 20788-800
Nephropedia Template TP
Sahu RP
; Harrison KA
; Weyerbacher J
; Murphy RC
; Konger RL
; Garrett JE
; Chin-Sinex HJ
; Johnston ME 2nd
; Dynlacht JR
; Mendonca M
; McMullen K
; Li G
; Spandau DF
; Travers JB
Oncotarget
2016[Apr]; 7
(15
): 20788-800
PMID26959112
show ga
Pro-oxidative stressors can suppress host immunity due to their ability to
generate oxidized lipid agonists of the platelet-activating factor-receptor
(PAF-R). As radiation therapy also induces reactive oxygen species, the present
studies were designed to define whether ionizing radiation could generate PAF-R
agonists and if these lipids could subvert host immunity. We demonstrate that
radiation exposure of multiple tumor cell lines in-vitro, tumors in-vivo, and
human subjects undergoing radiation therapy for skin tumors all generate PAF-R
agonists. Structural characterization of radiation-induced PAF-R agonistic
activity revealed PAF and multiple oxidized glycerophosphocholines that are
produced non-enzymatically. In a murine melanoma tumor model, irradiation of one
tumor augmented the growth of the other (non-treated) tumor in a PAF-R-dependent
process blocked by a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor. These results indicate a novel
pathway by which PAF-R agonists produced as a byproduct of radiation therapy
could result in tumor treatment failure, and offer important insights into
potential therapeutic strategies that could improve the overall antitumor
effectiveness of radiation therapy regimens.