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2018 ; 12
(3
): e0006271
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Rabies in the Americas: 1998-2014
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Freire de Carvalho M
; Vigilato MAN
; Pompei JA
; Rocha F
; Vokaty A
; Molina-Flores B
; Cosivi O
; Del Rio Vilas VJ
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
2018[Mar]; 12
(3
): e0006271
PMID29558465
show ga
Through national efforts and regional cooperation under the umbrella of the
Regional Program for the Elimination of Rabies, dog and human rabies have
decreased significantly in Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) countries over the
last three decades. To achieve this decline, LAC countries had to develop
national plans, and consolidate capabilities such as regular mass dog
vaccination, opportune post-exposure prophylaxis and sensitive surveillance. This
paper presents longitudinal data for 21 LAC countries on dog vaccination, PEP and
rabies surveillance collected from the biannual regional meeting for rabies
directors from 1998-2014 and from the Regional Epidemiologic Surveillance System
for Rabies (SIRVERA). Differences in human and dog rabies incidence rates and dog
vaccination rates were shown between low, middle and high-income countries. At
the peak, over 50 million dogs were vaccinated annually in national campaigns in
the countries represented. The reported number of animal exposures remained
fairly stable during the study period with an incidence rate ranging from 123 to
191 reported exposures per 100,000 people. On average, over 2 million doses of
human vaccine were applied annually. In the most recent survey, only 37% of
countries reported that they had sufficient financial resources to meet the
program objectives. The data show a sufficient and sustained effort of the LAC
countries in the area of dog vaccination and provide understanding of the
baseline effort required to reduce dog-mediated rabies incidence.
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