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Kim KM
; Abdelmohsen K
; Mustapic M
; Kapogiannis D
; Gorospe M
Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA
2017[Jul]; 8
(4
): ? PMID28130830
show ga
Cells release a range of membrane-enclosed extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the
environment. Among them, exosomes and microvesicles (collectively measuring
40-1000 nm in diameter) carry proteins, signaling lipids, and nucleic acids from
donor cells to recipient cells, and thus have been proposed to serve as
intercellular mediators of communication. EVs transport cellular materials in
many physiologic processes, including differentiation, stem cell homeostasis,
immune responses, and neuronal signaling. EVs are also increasingly recognized as
having a direct role in pathologies such as cancer and neurodegeneration.
Accordingly, EVs have been the focus of intense investigation as biomarkers of
disease, prognostic indicators, and even therapeutic tools. Here, we review the
classes of RNAs present in EVs, both coding RNAs (messenger RNAs) and noncoding
RNAs (long noncoding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs). The rising attention to
EV-resident RNAs as biomarkers stems from the fact that RNAs can be detected at
extremely low quantities using a number of methods. To illustrate the interest in
EV biology, we discuss EV RNAs in cancer and neurodegeneration, two major
age-associated disease processes. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1413. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1413
For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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