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2016 ; 38
(7
): 674-81
Nephropedia Template TP
Bioessays
2016[Jul]; 38
(7
): 674-81
PMID27172226
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Eukaryotic mRNAs are monocistronic, and therefore mechanisms exist that
coordinate the synthesis of multiprotein complexes in order to obtain proper
stoichiometry at the appropriate intracellular locations. RNA-binding proteins
containing low-complexity sequences are prone to generate liquid droplets via
liquid-liquid phase separation, and in this way create cytoplasmic assemblages of
functionally related mRNAs. In a recent iCLIP study, we showed that the
Drosophila RNA-binding protein Imp, which exhibits a C-terminal low-complexity
sequence, increases the formation of F-actin by binding to 3' untranslated
regions of mRNAs encoding components participating in F-actin biogenesis. We
hypothesize that phase transition is a mechanism the cell employs to increase the
local mRNA concentration considerably, and in this way synchronize protein
production in cytoplasmic territories, as discussed in the present review.