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2015 ; 3
(5
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Proteus mirabilis and Urinary Tract Infections
#MMPMID26542036
Schaffer JN
; Pearson MM
Microbiol Spectr
2015[Oct]; 3
(5
): ä PMID26542036
show ga
Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative bacterium and is well known for its ability
to robustly swarm across surfaces in a striking bulls'-eye pattern. Clinically,
this organism is most frequently a pathogen of the urinary tract, particularly in
patients undergoing long-term catheterization. This review covers P. mirabilis
with a focus on urinary tract infections (UTI), including disease models, vaccine
development efforts, and clinical perspectives. Flagella-mediated motility, both
swimming and swarming, is a central facet of this organism. The regulation of
this complex process and its contribution to virulence is discussed, along with
the type VI-secretion system-dependent intra-strain competition, which occurs
during swarming. P. mirabilis uses a diverse set of virulence factors to access
and colonize the host urinary tract, including urease and stone formation,
fimbriae and other adhesins, iron and zinc acquisition, proteases and toxins,
biofilm formation, and regulation of pathogenesis. While significant advances in
this field have been made, challenges remain to combatting complicated UTI and
deciphering P. mirabilis pathogenesis.
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