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2015 ; 16
(6
): 13106-40
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Protein Crystallography in Vaccine Research and Development
#MMPMID26068237
Malito E
; Carfi A
; Bottomley MJ
Int J Mol Sci
2015[Jun]; 16
(6
): 13106-40
PMID26068237
show ga
The use of protein X-ray crystallography for structure-based design of
small-molecule drugs is well-documented and includes several notable success
stories. However, it is less well-known that structural biology has emerged as a
major tool for the design of novel vaccine antigens. Here, we review the
important contributions that protein crystallography has made so far to vaccine
research and development. We discuss several examples of the crystallographic
characterization of vaccine antigen structures, alone or in complexes with
ligands or receptors. We cover the critical role of high-resolution epitope
mapping by reviewing structures of complexes between antigens and their cognate
neutralizing, or protective, antibody fragments. Most importantly, we provide
recent examples where structural insights obtained via protein crystallography
have been used to design novel optimized vaccine antigens. This review aims to
illustrate the value of protein crystallography in the emerging discipline of
structural vaccinology and its impact on the rational design of vaccines.