Protective and Pathogenic Responses to Chikungunya Virus Infection
#MMPMID26366337
Long KM
; Heise MT
Curr Trop Med Rep
2015[Mar]; 2
(1
): 13-21
PMID26366337
show ga
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus responsible for causing epidemic
outbreaks of human disease characterized by painful and often debilitating
arthralgia. Recently CHIKV has moved into the Caribbean and the Americas
resulting in massive outbreaks in naïve human populations. Given the importance
of CHIKV as an emerging disease, a significant amount of effort has gone into
interpreting the virus-host interactions that contribute to protection or
virus-induced pathology following CHIKV infection, with the long term goal of
using this information to develop new therapies or safe and effective anti-CHIKV
vaccines. This work has made it clear that numerous distinct host responses are
involved in the response to CHIKV infection, where some aspects of the host
innate and adaptive immune response protect from or limit virus-induced disease,
while other pathways actually exacerbate the virus-induced disease process. This
review will discuss mechanisms that have been identified as playing a role in the
host response to CHIKV infection and illustrate the importance of carefully
evaluating these responses to determine whether they play a protective or
pathologic role during CHIKV infection.
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