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2017 ; 35
(ä): 70-79
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Prospects for therapeutic mitochondrial transplantation
#MMPMID28533168
Gollihue JL
; Rabchevsky AG
Mitochondrion
2017[Jul]; 35
(ä): 70-79
PMID28533168
show ga
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in a multitude of diseases and
pathological conditions- the organelles that are essential for life can also be
major players in contributing to cell death and disease. Because mitochondria are
so well established in our existence, being present in all cell types except for
red blood cells and having the responsibility of providing most of our energy
needs for survival, then dysfunctional mitochondria can elicit devastating
cellular pathologies that can be widespread across the entire organism. As such,
the field of "mitochondrial medicine" is emerging in which disease states are
being targeted therapeutically at the level of the mitochondrion, including
specific antioxidants, bioenergetic substrate additions, and membrane uncoupling
agents. New and compelling research investigating novel techniques for
mitochondrial transplantation to replace damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria
with exogenous healthy mitochondria has shown promising results, including tissue
sparing accompanied by increased energy production and decreased oxidative
damage. Various experimental techniques have been attempted and each has been
challenged to accomplish successful transplantation. The purpose of this review
is to present the history of mitochondrial transplantation, the different
techniques used for both in vitro and in vivo delivery, along with caveats and
pitfalls that have been discovered along the way. Results from such pioneering
studies are promising and could be the next big wave of "mitochondrial medicine"
once technical hurdles are overcome.