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10.1038/nrdp.2016.33 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/nrdp.2016.33 C5385896!5385896 !27194212     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\27194212 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Nat+Rev+Dis+Primers 2016 ; 2 (ä): 16033 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27194212 |t=2016. Primary hyperparathyroidism |pdf=|usr=}}{{27194212 }} gab.com Text Primary hyperparathyroidism JO: Nat Rev Dis Primers http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27194212 #FOAvip Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common disorder in which parathyroid hormone (PTH) is excessively secreted from one or more of the four parathyroid glands. A single benign parathyroid adenoma is the cause in most people. However, multiglandular disease is not rare and is typically seen in familial PHPT syndromes. The genetics of PHPT is usually monoclonal when a single gland is involved and polyclonal when multiglandular disease is present. The genes that have been implicated in PHPT include proto-oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes. Hypercalcaemia is the biochemical hallmark of PHPT. Usually, the concentration of PTH is frankly increased but can remain within the normal range, which is abnormal in the setting of hypercalcaemia. Normocalcaemic PHPT, a variant in which the serum calcium level is persistently normal but PTH levels are increased in the absence of an obvious inciting stimulus, is now recognized. The clinical presentation of PHPT varies from asymptomatic disease (seen in countries where biochemical screening is routine) to classic symptomatic disease in which renal and/or skeletal complications are observed. Management guidelines have recently been revised to help the clinician to decide on the merits of a parathyroidectomy or a non-surgical course. This Primer covers these areas with particular attention to the epidemiology, clinical presentations, genetics, evaluation and guidelines for the management of PHPT. Twit Text FOAVip Primary hyperparathyroidism ????Nat Rev Dis Primers http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27194212 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27194212 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27194212 }}</ref> Primary hyperparathyroidism #MMPMID27194212 Bilezikian JP ; Cusano NE ; Khan AA ; Liu JM ; Marcocci C ; Bandeira F Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016[May]; 2 (ä): 16033 PMID27194212 show ga Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common disorder in which parathyroid hormone (PTH) is excessively secreted from one or more of the four parathyroid glands. A single benign parathyroid adenoma is the cause in most people. However, multiglandular disease is not rare and is typically seen in familial PHPT syndromes. The genetics of PHPT is usually monoclonal when a single gland is involved and polyclonal when multiglandular disease is present. The genes that have been implicated in PHPT include proto-oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes. Hypercalcaemia is the biochemical hallmark of PHPT. Usually, the concentration of PTH is frankly increased but can remain within the normal range, which is abnormal in the setting of hypercalcaemia. Normocalcaemic PHPT, a variant in which the serum calcium level is persistently normal but PTH levels are increased in the absence of an obvious inciting stimulus, is now recognized. The clinical presentation of PHPT varies from asymptomatic disease (seen in countries where biochemical screening is routine) to classic symptomatic disease in which renal and/or skeletal complications are observed. Management guidelines have recently been revised to help the clinician to decide on the merits of a parathyroidectomy or a non-surgical course. This Primer covers these areas with particular attention to the epidemiology, clinical presentations, genetics, evaluation and guidelines for the management of PHPT. |Anxiety/etiology [MESH] |Asymptomatic Diseases/therapy [MESH] |Black People/ethnology/genetics/statistics & numerical data [MESH] |Fatigue/etiology [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Hypercalcemia/diagnosis/etiology [MESH] |Hyperparathyroidism, Primary/*diagnosis/epidemiology/*physiopathology [MESH] |Irritable Mood [MESH] |Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods [MESH] |Muscle Weakness/etiology [MESH] |Parathyroid Hormone/analysis/blood [MESH] |Parathyroid Neoplasms/complications [MESH] |Parathyroidectomy/methods [MESH] |Sleep Wake Disorders/etiology [MESH]Primary hyperparathyroidism (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing