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2016 ; 8
(2
): 133-9
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English Wikipedia
Preventing and Managing Hypothermia and Frostbite Injury
#MMPMID26857732
Fudge J
Sports Health
2016[Mar]; 8
(2
): 133-9
PMID26857732
show ga
CONTEXT: Hypothermia and frostbite injuries occur in cold weather activities and
sporting events. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A PubMed search was used to identify
original research and review articles related to cold, frostbite, and
hypothermia. Inclusion was based on their relevance to prevention and treatment
of cold-related injuries in sports and outdoor activities. Dates of review
articles were limited to those published after 2010. No date limit was set for
the most recent consensus statements or original research. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical
review. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 5. RESULTS: Frostbite and hypothermia are
well-documented entities with good prevention strategies and prehospital
treatment recommendations that have changed very little with time. A layered
approach to clothing is the best way to prevent injury and respond to weather
changes. Each athlete, defined as a participant in a cold weather sport or
activity, will respond to cold differently depending on anthropometric
measurements and underlying medical risk factors. An understanding of wind-chill
temperatures, wetness, and the weather forecast allows athletes and event
coordinators to properly respond to changing weather conditions. At the first
sign of a freezing cold injury, ensure warm, dry clothes and move to a protected
environment. CONCLUSION: Cold injuries can be prevented, and cold weather
activities are safe with proper education, preparation, and response to changing
weather conditions or injury.