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Pre-eclampsia: Molecular events to biomarkers
#MMPMID28924318
Sahai K
; Saraswathy S
; Yadav TP
; Arora D
; Krishnan M
Med J Armed Forces India
2017[Apr]; 73
(2
): 167-174
PMID28924318
show ga
Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, which accounts for 10-15%
of the maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. Abnormal placental development
and tissue hypoxia are its main etiologic factors. The present diagnostic methods
of blood pressure monitoring and renal function evaluation are insufficient in
the early detection of pre-eclampsia. Since molecular events portent well ahead
of the disease onset, biomarker research for the early diagnosis of pre-eclampsia
has recently generated ambitious clinical targets. However, no clinically
validated biomarker has so far been reported for the prediction of pre-eclampsia.
Therefore, this review takes stock of the current understanding of pre-eclampsia
from a molecular biology perspective and critically evaluates the following
diagnostic potentials claimed for the biomarkers: placental proteins, angiogenic
markers, and cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal circulation. Though the
emerging evidences in favor of the fetal-specific epigenetic marker,
hypermethylated RASSF1A of cffDNA, are highlighted, it pitches for a broader
strategy of 'combination biomarker approach' for the reliable forecasting and
triaging of pre-eclampsia.
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