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2017 ; 13
(5
): e1005535
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Post-transcriptional regulation across human tissues
#MMPMID28481885
Franks A
; Airoldi E
; Slavov N
PLoS Comput Biol
2017[May]; 13
(5
): e1005535
PMID28481885
show ga
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation shape tissue-type-specific
proteomes, but their relative contributions remain contested. Estimates of the
factors determining protein levels in human tissues do not distinguish between
(i) the factors determining the variability between the abundances of different
proteins, i.e., mean-level-variability and, (ii) the factors determining the
physiological variability of the same protein across different tissue types,
i.e., across-tissues variability. We sought to estimate the contribution of
transcript levels to these two orthogonal sources of variability, and found that
scaled mRNA levels can account for most of the mean-level-variability but not
necessarily for across-tissues variability. The reliable quantification of the
latter estimate is limited by substantial measurement noise. However,
protein-to-mRNA ratios exhibit substantial across-tissues variability that is
functionally concerted and reproducible across different datasets, suggesting
extensive post-transcriptional regulation. These results caution against
estimating protein fold-changes from mRNA fold-changes between different
cell-types, and highlight the contribution of post-transcriptional regulation to
shaping tissue-type-specific proteomes.