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2009 ; 13
(2
): 365-72
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Porosome in astrocytes
#MMPMID18400049
Lee JS
; Cho WJ
; Jeftinija K
; Jeftinija S
; Jena BP
J Cell Mol Med
2009[Feb]; 13
(2
): 365-72
PMID18400049
show ga
Secretion is a universal cellular process occurring in bakers yeast, to the
complex multicellular organisms, to humans beings. Neurotransmission, digestion,
immune response or the release of hormones occur as a result of cell secretion.
Secretory defects result in numerous diseases and hence a molecular understanding
of the process is critical. Cell secretion involves the transport of vesicular
products from within cells to the outside. Porosomes are permanent cup-shaped
supramolecular structures at the cell plasma membrane, where secretory vesicles
transiently dock and transiently fuse to release intravesicular contents to the
outside. In the past decade, porosomes have been determined to be the universal
secretory machinery in cells, present in the exocrine pancreas, endocrine and
neuroendocrine cells, and in neurons. In this study, we report for the first time
the presence of porosomes in rat brain astrocytes. Using atomic force microscopy
on live astrocytes, cup-shaped porosomes measuring 10-15 nm are observed at the
cell plasma membrane. Further studies using electron microscopy confirm the
presence of porosomes in astrocytes. Analogous to neuronal porosomes, there is a
central plug in the astrocyte porosome complex. Immunoisolation and
reconstitution of the astrocyte porosome in lipid membrane, demonstrates a
structure similar to what is observed in live cells. These studies demonstrate
that in astrocytes, the secretory apparatus at the cell plasma membrane is
similar to what is found in neurons.
|*Astrocytes/cytology/metabolism
[MESH]
|*Cell Membrane/metabolism/ultrastructure
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Cells, Cultured
[MESH]
|Exocytosis/*physiology
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Microscopy, Atomic Force
[MESH]
|Neurons/cytology/metabolism
[MESH]
|Rats
[MESH]
|Secretory Vesicles/metabolism
[MESH]
|Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25/metabolism
[MESH]