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2016 ; 11
(9
): e0162246
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Plans, Habits, and Theory of Mind
#MMPMID27584041
Gershman SJ
; Gerstenberg T
; Baker CL
; Cushman FA
PLoS One
2016[]; 11
(9
): e0162246
PMID27584041
show ga
Human success and even survival depends on our ability to predict what others
will do by guessing what they are thinking. If I accelerate, will he yield? If I
propose, will she accept? If I confess, will they forgive? Psychologists call
this capacity "theory of mind." According to current theories, we solve this
problem by assuming that others are rational actors. That is, we assume that
others design and execute efficient plans to achieve their goals, given their
knowledge. But if this view is correct, then our theory of mind is startlingly
incomplete. Human action is not always a product of rational planning, and we
would be mistaken to always interpret others' behaviors as such. A wealth of
evidence indicates that we often act habitually-a form of behavioral control that
depends not on rational planning, but rather on a history of reinforcement. We
aim to test whether the human theory of mind includes a theory of habitual action
and to assess when and how it is deployed. In a series of studies, we show that
human theory of mind is sensitive to factors influencing the balance between
habitual and planned behavior.
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