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2015 ; 8
(2
): 128-33
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Planarians: an In Vivo Model for Regenerative Medicine
#MMPMID26634061
Karami A
; Tebyanian H
; Goodarzi V
; Shiri S
Int J Stem Cells
2015[Nov]; 8
(2
): 128-33
PMID26634061
show ga
The emergence of regenerative medicine has raised the hope of treating an
extraordinary range of disease and serious injuries. Understanding the processes
of cell proliferation, differentiation and pattern formation in regenerative
organisms could help find ways to enhance the poor regenerative abilities shown
by many other animals, including humans. Recently, planarians have emerged as an
attractive model in which to study regeneration. These animals are considering as
in vivo plate, during which we can study the behavior and characristics of stem
cells in their own niche. A variety of characteristic such as: simplicity, easy
to manipulate experimentally, the existence of more than 100 years of literature,
makes these animals an extraordinary model for regenerative medicine researches.
Among planarians free-living freshwater hermaphrodite Schmidtea mediterranea has
emerged as a suitable model system because it displays robust regenerative
properties and, unlike most other planarians, it is a stable diploid with a
genome size of about 4.8×10(8) base pairs, nearly half that of other common
planarians. Planarian regeneration involves two highly flexible systems:
pluripotent neoblasts that can generate any new cell type and muscle cells that
provide positional instructions for the regeneration of anybody region. neoblasts
represent roughly 25~30 percent of all planarian cells and are scattered broadly
through the parenchyma, being absent only from the animal head tips and the
pharynx. Two models for neo-blast specification have been proposed; the naive
model posits that all neoblasts are stem cells with the same potential and are a
largely homogeneous population.
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