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2014 ; 50
(2
): 339-47
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Physiological and pathological functions of mechanosensitive ion channels
#MMPMID24532247
Gu Y
; Gu C
Mol Neurobiol
2014[Oct]; 50
(2
): 339-47
PMID24532247
show ga
Rapid sensation of mechanical stimuli is often mediated by mechanosensitve ion
channels. Their opening results from conformational changes induced by mechanical
forces. It leads to membrane permeation of selected ions and thereby to
electrical signaling. Newly identified mechanosensitive ion channels are emerging
at an astonishing rate, including some that are traditionally assigned for
completely different functions. In this review, we first provide a brief overview
of ion channels that are known to play a role in mechanosensation. Next, we focus
on three representative ones, including the transient receptor potential channel
V4 (TRPV4), Kv1.1 voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel, and Piezo channels. Their
structures, biophysical properties, expression and targeting patterns, and
physiological functions are highlighted. The potential role of their
mechanosensation in related diseases is further discussed. In sum,
mechanosensation appears to be achieved in a variety of ways by different
proteins and plays a fundamental role in the function of various organs under
normal and abnormal conditions.