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2017 ; 2017
(ä): 1469893
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Persistent Unexplained Dyspnea: A Case of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
#MMPMID28948051
Campanile A
; Colombo A
; Del Pinto M
; Cavallini C
Case Rep Cardiol
2017[]; 2017
(ä): 1469893
PMID28948051
show ga
Regarding a patient with dyspnea, the history and physical examination often lead
to the correct diagnosis. In some circumstances, when more than one underlying
disease is present, the diagnostic process can be more challenging. We describe
an unusual case of dyspnea and persistent hypoxemia related to a hepatopulmonary
syndrome in a 53-year-old patient with known heart failure and chronic liver
disease. Initially managed with intravenous diuretic therapy, due to signs of
lung and peripheral congestion, our patient did not improve as expected;
therefore we performed more advanced studies with a chest-abdomen CT scan and a
right heart catheterization. They showed, respectively, no signs of parenchymal
and vasculature lung disease, a cirrhotic liver disease, splenomegaly, signs of
portal hypertension, and high cardiac output with normal pulmonary vascular
resistance. These results, along with the association of hypoxemia and chronic
liver disease, suggested a hepatopulmonary syndrome. The diagnosis was confirmed
by the demonstration of an intrapulmonary vascular dilatation with right to left
shunt during a microbubble transthoracic echocardiography and a lung perfusion
scan. Liver transplantation is the only successful treatment for this syndrome;
however, the patient became soon unsuitable for this strategy, due to a rapid
clinical deterioration.