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2013 ; 13
(1
): 36-52
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PET/MR: a paradigm shift
#MMPMID23446110
Gaertner FC
; Fürst S
; Schwaiger M
Cancer Imaging
2013[Feb]; 13
(1
): 36-52
PMID23446110
show ga
More than a decade ago, multimodality imaging was introduced into clinical
routine with the development of the positron emission tomography (PET)/computed
tomography (CT) technique. Since then, PET/CT has been widely accepted in
clinical imaging and has emerged as one of the main cancer imaging modalities.
With the recent development of combined PET/magnetic resonance (MR) systems for
clinical use, a promising new hybrid imaging modality is now becoming
increasingly available. The combination of functional information delivered by
PET with the morphologic and functional imaging of MR imaging (e.g.,
diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and MR
spectroscopy) offers exciting possibilities for clinical applications as well as
basic research. However, the differences between CT and MR imaging are
fundamental. This also leads to distinct differences between PET/CT and PET/MR
not only regarding image interpretation but also concerning data acquisition,
data processing and image reconstruction. This article provides an overview of
the principal differences between PET/CT and PET/MR in terms of scanner design
and technology, attenuation correction, speed, acquisition protocols, radiation
exposure and safety aspects. PET/MR is expected to show advantages over PET/CT in
clinical applications in which MR is known to be superior to CT due to its high
intrinsic soft tissue contrast. However, as of now, only assumptions can be made
about the future clinical role of PET/MR, as data about the performance of PET/MR
in the clinical setting are still limited. The possible future clinical use of
PET/MR in oncology, neurology and neurooncology, cardiology and imaging of
inflammation is discussed.
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