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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Ann+Cardiothorac+Surg
2017 ; 6
(2
): 131-136
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Overview of esophageal cancer
#MMPMID28447001
Abbas G
; Krasna M
Ann Cardiothorac Surg
2017[Mar]; 6
(2
): 131-136
PMID28447001
show ga
Esophageal cancer is a male-dominant aggressive malignancy and a leading cause of
cancer-related mortality worldwide. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
are the two predominant histological subtypes with varying geographical and
racial distribution. Globally, squamous cell carcinoma remains the most common
histological type. In Western countries, however, adenocarcinoma has become the
leading histological subtype, corresponding to a rise in the incidence of
obesity, gastro-esophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus. The risk of
esophageal adenocarcinoma conferred by Barrett's esophagus depends on factors
such as genomic instability, race and gender of the patient. Treatment requires a
multidisciplinary team approach and optimal therapy is still debated. Endoscopic
therapies, including radiofrequency ablation, endoscopic mucosal resection and
endoscopic sub mucosal dissection, have become the standard treatment modality
for Barrett's esophagus and early carcinoma. Multimodal treatment, which includes
chemotherapy, radiation therapy followed by surgical resection or without
surgical resection, in varying orders remains the main mode of treatment for most
patients. Minimally invasive surgical approaches have become the standard for
esophagectomy and the current literature has demonstrated similar oncological
outcomes with reduced morbidity. Recently, there has been a modest improvement in
the overall survival of patients with esophageal cancer.
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