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2013 ; 429
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English Wikipedia
Overview of Risk Management for Engineered Nanomaterials
#MMPMID26339275
Schulte PA
; Geraci CL
; Hodson LL
; Zumwalde RD
; Kuempel ED
; Murashov V
; Martinez KF
; Heidel DS
J Phys Conf Ser
2013[]; 429
(ä): ä PMID26339275
show ga
Occupational exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is considered a new and
challenging occurrence. Preliminary information from laboratory studies indicates
that workers exposed to some kinds of ENMs could be at risk of adverse health
effects. To protect the nanomaterial workforce, a precautionary risk management
approach is warranted and given the newness of ENMs and emergence of
nanotechnology, a naturalistic view of risk management is useful. Employers have
the primary responsibility for providing a safe and healthy workplace. This is
achieved by identifying and managing risks which include recognition of hazards,
assessing exposures, characterizing actual risk, and implementing measures to
control those risks. Following traditional risk management models for
nanomaterials is challenging because of uncertainties about the nature of
hazards, issues in exposure assessment, questions about appropriate control
methods, and lack of occupational exposure limits (OELs) or nano-specific
regulations. In the absence of OELs specific for nanomaterials, a precautionary
approach has been recommended in many countries. The precautionary approach
entails minimizing exposures by using engineering controls and personal
protective equipment (PPE). Generally, risk management utilizes the hierarchy of
controls. Ideally, risk management for nanomaterials should be part of an
enterprise-wide risk management program or system and this should include both
risk control and a medical surveillance program that assesses the frequency of
adverse effects among groups of workers exposed to nanomaterials. In some cases,
the medical surveillance could include medical screening of individual workers to
detect early signs of work-related illnesses. All medical surveillance should be
used to assess the effectiveness of risk management; however, medical
surveillance should be considered as a second line of defense to ensure that
implemented risk management practices are effective.